605. Metabolism and Nutrition - dietary analysis Scientific Abstract

3910 - A Dietary Assessment Of Mid-Spectrum Chronic Kidney Disease

Session Type
Free Communication/Poster
Session Name
G-37 - Energy Metabolism, Obesity, and Weight Control
Session Category Text
Metabolism and Nutrition
Disclosures
 K.E. Adair: None.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diets of adult individuals with mid-spectrum Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) remain understudied. The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans food patterns based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) in concert with the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF KDOQI) guidelines are advised to individuals with CKD. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) remains the best method for tracking CKD progression, yet relationships between self-reported dietary intake and eGFR are understudied. PURPOSE: To assess the self-reported dietary pattern in patients with stage 3 or 4 CKD in contrast to the RDA and NKF KDOQI dietary guidelines and to identify predictors of eGFR. METHODS: Twenty participants with stage 3 or 4 CKD [n = 6 male (M); n = 14 female (F)]; age 62.0 ± 9.9 years; weight 80.9 ± 16.2 kg; body fat 37.3 ± 8.5% of weight; eGFR 51.5 ± 6.82 mL/min/1.73m2) completed self-reported dietary assessments for an average of 5 days. Diet was assessed using the ESHA Food Processor Software, Version 11.1. Micro- and macronutrient analyses for males and females were compared to the RDA and NKF KDOQI guidelines to identify malnutrition, and stepwise multiple linear regression models were used to identify predictors of eGFR, p-values were considered significant at the α = 0.05 level. RESULTS: On average, all subjects met the RDA and NKF KDOQI guidelines for caloric intake. Average consumption of saturated fat (F = 24.3 ± 10.8g, M = 34.1 ± 6.0g), sodium (F = 3780 ± 2510mg, M = 4210 ± 386mg) and protein (F = 65.0 ± 23.5g, M = 107.3 ± 27.3g) was high while the average consumption of fiber (F = 13.6 ± 4.1g, M = 14.8 ± 7.3g), calcium (F = 573 ± 325mg, M = 720 ± 224mg), potassium (F = 240 ± 1800mg, M = 940 ± 492mg) and phosphorous (F = 628 ± 1320mg, M = 425 ± 314mg) was low. Significant predictors of eGFR were age (β = -0.29, p = 0.023), calcium (β = 0.02, p < 0.001), body fat percentage (BF%) (β = -1.47, p = 0.001), protein intake (β = -1.20, p < 0.001), weight (β = 0.42, p = 0.033), and daily caloric intake (β = -0.36, p = 0.045). CONCLUSION: When compared to the RDA and NKF KDOQI guidelines, CKD patients had poor nutritional quality. Increased protein intake and BF% were the strongest predictors of reduced eGFR. Future interventions in CKD patients should improve diet quality to concomitantly improve body composition and eGFR.
Collapse