606. Metabolism and Nutrition - nutritional intervention – micro and macronutrients Scientific Abstract

3942 - Effect Of A 21-day Well-formulated Ketogenic Diet On Women’s Metabolic Health: Glow Pilot Trial

Session Type
Free Communication/Poster
Session Name
G-39 - Ketogenics
Session Category Text
Metabolism and Nutrition
Disclosures
 C. Saenz: None.

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a pandemic that is the leading cause of death for women in the United States. This is particularly alarming as the primary etiologies for CVD are lifestyle related Nutrition interventions, such as well-formulated ketogenic diets (WKFD), improve metabolic health and reduce risk factors associated with CVD but it is unknown if these improvements in health can be observed within the first three weeks of carbohydrate restriction. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a WFKD on women’s metabolic health. Methods: Twenty-two women (Age (yr.) 42.2 ± 8.1, Ht. (cm) 164.2 ± 5.9, BMI 27.3 ± 6.0) participated in a 21-day, eucaloric diet study. Anthropometrics, body composition (InBody 570), fasted capillary-blood ketones, glucose (BG), and cholesterol panel, and diet records were collected before (PRE) and after (POST) intervention. Results: Women maintained calories (PRE: 1938kcal vs POST: 1836kcal) and protein levels (PRE: 17% vs POST: 20%) but decreased dietary carbohydrate (PRE: 36% vs POST: 13%) and increased dietary fat (PRE: 45% vs POST: 65%) PRE to POST (p≤0.05). Weight (PRE: 73.9kg vs POST: 72.3kg) and body fat (PRE: 56.9kg vs POST: 54.0kg) significantly decreased but there were no differences in lean body mass PRE to POST (p ≤ 0.05). BG (PRE: 94.0mmol/L vs POST: 89.9mmol/L) decreased significantly, with 73% of women decreasing BG from PRE to POST (p ≤ 0.05). Ketones increased significantly and 58% of women reached nutritional ketosis by POST testing (p ≤ 0.05). There were no differences in cholesterol panel except for LDL, which increased from PRE (111.1mg/dL) to POST (124.2mg/dL) (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Women’s metabolic health is an immediate concern for the silent killer known as CVD in this population. Finding safe, systemic interventions to this pandemic are imperative. WFKD improved some, but not all, metabolic markers within 21 days. This highlights the initial shifts in metabolic health related to WFKD nutritional interventions and calls for additional research to help better understand the underlying mechanisms of WFKD on metabolic health, especially as it relates to cholesterol metabolism, and the timeline of these events.
Collapse